Category: 1910-85-6

1910-85-6, A catalyst don’t appear in the overall stoichiometry of the reaction it catalyzes, but it must appear in at least one of the elementary reactions in the mechanism for the catalyzed reaction. 1910-85-6, Name is 1-Chloro-10H-phenothiazine, molecular formula is C12H8ClNS. In a Article, authors is Poli, Pier Paolo£¬once mentioned of 1910-85-6

Adjunctive use of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in the treatment of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws: A case report

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws is a delayed healing condition commonly recognized as a serious adverse effect of antiresorptive therapy and is particularly associated with aminobisphosphonate treatment. In the present report, a 62-year-old osteoporotic female patient treated with intramuscular injections of clodronate for 3 years exhibited clinical signs of exposed necrotic bone and inflamed mucosa 4 months after tooth extractions in the mandibular interforaminal region. The treatment consisted of sequestrectomy, open-flap debridement, and adjunctive use of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy to decontaminate the affected hard and soft tissues. Successful results were obtained and maintained from both clinical and radiological aspects. No recurrence was observed up to 6 months of follow-up.

Balanced chemical reaction does not necessarily reveal either the individual elementary reactions by which a reaction occurs or its rate law.1910-85-6. In my other articles, you can also check out more blogs about 1910-85-6

Reference£º
Thiazine – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics,
Thiazine | C4H5NS – PubChem

 

Children learn through play, and they learn more than adults might expect. Science experiments are a great way to spark their curiosity, get their minds active, and encourage them to do something that doesn¡¯t involve a screen. 1910-85-6, C12H8ClNS. A document type is Article, introducing its new discovery., 1910-85-6

1,2-Didehydrophenothiazines: Preparation of 1-Alkyl and 1-Aryl-substituted Phenothiazines by Lithium-directed Alkylation

A general route to 1-alkyl substituted phenothiazines is described.Reactions of 2-chlorophenothiazine with an excess of methyl-, n-butyl-, s-butyl-, t-butyl- or phenyl-lithiums give the corresponding 1-substituted phenothiazines via 10-lithio-1,2-dehydrophenothiazine.Attempts to trap the presumed 1,10-dilithio intermediate failed.The reaction of 1-chlorophenothiazine with s-butyl-lithium results in preferential metallation of the 9-position. 2-Chlorophenothiazine reacts with nitrogen nucleophiles (lithium dialkylamides) to give 2-substituted products.

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Thiazine – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics,
Thiazine | C4H5NS – PubChem

 

1910-85-6, The reaction rate of a catalyzed reaction is faster than the reaction rate of the uncatalyzed reaction at the same temperature.1910-85-6, Name is 1-Chloro-10H-phenothiazine, molecular formula is C12H8ClNS. In a Article, authors is Self, Jennifer L.£¬once mentioned of 1910-85-6

REACTION OF CHLORO DERIVATIVES OF 10-BENZYL- AND 10-(4′-FLUOROBENZYL)PHENOTHIAZINES WITH NITRILES AND AMINES UNDER ARYNE-FORMING CONDITIONS

2-Chloro-10-benzylphenothiazine (1) and 2-chloro-10-(4′-fluorobenzyl)phenothiazine (2) react with aliphatic nitriles (3 and 4) and LDA to yield typical 2-substituted aryne products (9a,b and 9g,h, respectively).However, treatment of 1 with aromatic nitriles (5-8) and LDA supplies 2-(arylmethyl)-1-cyano rearranged nitriles (10c-f), whereas 2, when treated similarly, affords both rearranged nitriles (10i-l) and typical 2-arylated nitrile products (9i-j).An explanation in terms of the effect of substituents on the competing aryne and tandem addition-rearrangement pathways is presented.The crystal structure of one of the rearranged 1-cyanophenothiazines (10c) was obtained and reveals that the molecule adopts the “extra” conformation in which the 10-benzyl group is in the pseudo axial position.The reaction of 1 and 2 with various lithium amides in the corresponding free amine solvents gives the corresponding 2-aminated products (11) and (12) in excellent yields.Both 1-chloro-10-benzylphenothiazine (18) and 1 supply the same product, 10-benzyl-2-N,N-diisopropylaminophenothiazine (11a), when made to react with LDA in diisopropylamine solvent, indicating that each of these reactions proceeds via the same aryne intermediate, and not through the SRN1 mechanism.

A reaction mechanism is the microscopic path by which reactants are transformed into products. Each step is an elementary reaction. In my other articles, you can also check out more blogs about 1910-85-6

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Thiazine – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics,
Thiazine | C4H5NS – PubChem

 

1910-85-6, Name is 1-Chloro-10H-phenothiazine, belongs to thiazines compound, is a common compound. 1910-85-6In an article, authors is Alasqah, Mohammed N., once mentioned the new application about 1910-85-6.

Antimicrobial efficacy of photodynamic therapy on dental implant surfaces: A systematic review of in vitro studies

Background: To systematically review the literature regarding the antimicrobial effects of photodynamic therapy (PDT) on multi-bacterial species and the possible surface alterations of dental implants as a result of PDT. Methods: The addressed focused question was: ?Does PDT show antimicrobial efficacy against multi-bacterial species colonization and result in surface alteration on dental implants?? Electronic databases including MEDLINE and EMBASE up to and including December 2018 were searched. Results: Seven studies were included. Two studies used a total of 110 titanium dental implants, while 1 study included a total of 72 zirconia dental implants. Three studies investigated the antimicrobial PDT effects on titanium discs, while 1 study used titanium plates with germanium prisms. All in-vitro studies used diode laser. Energy fluence was reported only in 2 studies. Power output and density were 100 mW (mW) and 150 mW cm?2, respectively. All in-vitro studies reported the multibacterial species outcomes after the application of antimicrobial PDT. All studies showed a significant reduction in the bacterial load. Only two studies reported the outcomes of microstructural changes on the titanium surface, in which both studies did not report any significant alterations on the titanium implants or discs with the application of PDT. Conclusion: This systematic review demonstrated significant reduction in the bacterial load but inconclusive findings regarding structural alterations on the titanium surface with the use of PDT. The results of this review should be considered preliminary and further in-vitro studies with standardized laser parameters are needed to obtain strong conclusions.

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Thiazine – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics,
Thiazine | C4H5NS – PubChem

 

Chemistry is the science of change. But why do chemical reactions take place? Why do chemicals react with each other? The answer is in thermodynamics and kinetics.In a document type is Review, the author is Fraga, Renato Silva and a compound is mentioned, 1910-85-6, 1-Chloro-10H-phenothiazine, introducing its new discovery. 1910-85-6

Is Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Effective for Microbial Load Reduction in Peri-implantitis Treatment? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The systematic review and meta-analysis were undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) in the microbiological alteration beneficial to peri-implantitis treatment. This study is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42017064215. Bibliographic databases including Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus and PubMed were searched from inception to 8 January 2017. The search strategy was assembled from the following MeSH Terms: ?Photochemotherapy,? ?Dental Implants? and ?Peri-Implantitis.? Unspecific free-text words and related terms were also included. The Cochrane Collaboration’s tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias of included studies. The random-effect model was chosen, and heterogeneity was evaluated using the I2 test. Three studies met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis demonstrated an association between aPDT and reduction in viable bacteria counts for: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (OR = 1.31; confidence interval = 1.13, 1.49; P < 0.00001), Porphyromonas gingivalis (OR = 4.08; confidence interval = 3.22, 4.94; P < 0.00001) and Prevotella intermedia (OR = 1.66; confidence interval = 1.06, 2.26; P < 0.00001). A aPDT appears to be effective in bacterial load reduction in peri-implantitis and has a positive potential as an alternative therapy for peri-implantitis. Interested yet? Keep reading other articles of 3382-18-1!, 1910-85-6

Reference£º
Thiazine – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics,
Thiazine | C4H5NS – PubChem

 

Children learn through play, and they learn more than adults might expect. Science experiments are a great way to spark their curiosity, get their minds active, and encourage them to do something that doesn¡¯t involve a screen. 1910-85-6, C12H8ClNS. A document type is Article, introducing its new discovery., 1910-85-6

Mass Spectral Fragmentation Patterns of Heterocycles. VII. Reinvestigation of Fundamental Processes in Phenothiazines

Electron impact induced fragmentation patterns of simple phenothiazines have been reinvestigated using metastable ion studies, exact mass measuremants and deuterated derivatives.Secondary fragmentation processes involving ions m/e 198, 171, 167, 166, 154, 140 and 139 have been clarified.Mechanisms for the release of sulfur (SH. and CSH.) nitrogen (HCN and H2CN.) containing fragments from phenothiazine molecular ion are proposed based on the deuterium content of the daughter ions obtained from 1,9-dideuteriophenothiazine.A revised mechanism for the expulsion of ketene from 10-acetylphenothiazine is suggested based on the fragmentation pattern of the 1,9-dideuterioderivative.The composition of m/e 140 was determined by high resolution measurement to be C10H6N and not C11H7 as previously reported.

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Thiazine – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics,
Thiazine | C4H5NS – PubChem

 

1910-85-6, Chemistry can be defined as the study of matter and the changes it undergoes. You¡¯ll sometimes hear it called the central science because it is the connection between physics and all the other sciences, starting with biology.1910-85-6, Name is 1-Chloro-10H-phenothiazine, molecular formula is C12H8ClNS, introducing its new discovery.

Photodynamic therapy in the control of endodontic infections

Introduction: Effective decontamination of the root canal system is key to the success of endodontic treatment. Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) may be an important tool in the reduction of root canal pathogens. Objectives: This study aimed to review the literature on the use of this therapy in Endodontics, and which clinical protocol has been used. Methods: A literature search was carried out using the following databases: PubMed and Scielo, and the following key-words: endodontics; photodynamic therapy; photodynamic therapy endodontics; light-activated disinfection root canal; light activated disinfection endodontics; photo-activated disinfection endodontics; photo-activated disinfection. Results: We selected 18 articles which fit the inclusion criteria: original and relevant articles, clinical and laboratory research, in permanent human teeth, as well as articles reporting the use of photodynamic therapy as a single or adjunct treatment to root canal disinfection, in addition to its efficacy in bacterial reduction. Conclusions: PDT has been shown to be an effective method in microbial reduction of root canals; however, it should be used as an additional method to conventional treatment.

1910-85-6, Interested yet? Read on for other articles about 1910-85-6!

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Thiazine – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics,
Thiazine | C4H5NS – PubChem

 

1910-85-6, Name is 1-Chloro-10H-phenothiazine, belongs to thiazines compound, is a common compound. 1910-85-6In an article, authors is Akram, Zohaib, once mentioned the new application about 1910-85-6.

Clinical efficacy of photodynamic therapy as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in the treatment of chronic periodontitis among cigarette smokers: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of adjunctive photodynamic therapy (PDT) as compared to scaling and root planing (SRP) alone in the treatment of chronic periodontitis among cigarette smokers. Methods: Electronic databases including EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane Oral Health Group Trials Register and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched up to January 2019. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) with data on comparison between adjunctive PDT compared to SRP in each group were included. Primary outcomes included clinical attachment level (CAL) gain, while secondary outcomes was probing depth (PD) reduction. The weighted mean differences (WMD) of outcomes and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for each variable were calculated using random and fixed effect models. Results: A total of 5 RCTs were included. Two clinical trials were classified as having a low risk of bias and 3 clinical trials as high risk of bias. The overall effect for CAL gain (WMD= ?0.088, 95% CI= ?0.40 to 0.23, p = 0.58) and PD reduction (WMD= -0.35, 95% CI= -0.87 to -0.17, p = 0.18) was not statistically significant between PDT and SRP groups at follow-up, respectively. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, it remains debatable whether PDT as an adjunct to SRP is more effective in clinical attachment level gain as compared to SRP alone in cigarette smokers given that the available scientific evidence is weak.

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Thiazine – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics,
Thiazine | C4H5NS – PubChem

 

1910-85-6, The reaction rate of a catalyzed reaction is faster than the reaction rate of the uncatalyzed reaction at the same temperature.1910-85-6, Name is 1-Chloro-10H-phenothiazine, molecular formula is C12H8ClNS. In a Review, authors is Siddiqui, Shoaib Haider£¬once mentioned of 1910-85-6

Bactericidal efficacy of photodynamic therapy against Enterococcus faecalis in infected root canals: A systematic literature review

Objective: The aim was to review the bactericidal efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) against Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) in infected root canals. Methods: To address the focused question “Does PDT exhibit bactericidal effects against E. faecalis in infected root canals?” PubMed/Medline and Google-Scholar databases were searched from 1985 up to August 2013 using various combinations of the following key words: “antibacterial; “bactericidal; “endodontic; “root canal” and “photodynamic therapy”. Original studies, experimental studies and articles published only in English language were included. Letters to the editor, historic reviews and unpublished data were excluded. The pattern of the present review was customized to primarily summarize the pertinent information. Results: Seventeen studies (16 ex vivo and one in vivo) were included. In these studies, numbers of teeth used ranged between 30 and 220 teeth. In these studies, wavelengths of diode laser used, diameter of fiber and power output ranged between 625 and 805. nm, 200. mum and 0.4. cm, and 40. mW and 5. W respectively. Twelve studies reported PDT to be effective in eliminating E. faecalis from infected root canals. Four studies reported conventional irrigation and instrumentation to be more efficient in killing E. faecalis than PDT. One study reported PDT and conventional endodontic regimes to be equally effective in eliminating E. faecalis from infected root canals. In most studies, toluidine blue and/or methylene blue were used as photosensitizers. Conclusion: Efficacy of PDT in eliminating E. faecalis from infected root canals remains questionable.

Balanced chemical reaction does not necessarily reveal either the individual elementary reactions by which a reaction occurs or its rate law.1910-85-6. In my other articles, you can also check out more blogs about 1910-85-6

Reference£º
Thiazine – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics,
Thiazine | C4H5NS – PubChem

 

1910-85-6, A catalyst don’t appear in the overall stoichiometry of the reaction it catalyzes, but it must appear in at least one of the elementary reactions in the mechanism for the catalyzed reaction. 1910-85-6, Name is 1-Chloro-10H-phenothiazine, molecular formula is C12H8ClNS. In a Article, authors is Poli, Pier Paolo£¬once mentioned of 1910-85-6

Adjunctive application of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in the prevention of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw following dentoalveolar surgery: A case series

Background: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a debilitating complication strongly associated to antiresorptive agents. The present study aimed to describe the use of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) in the prevention of MRONJ. Methods: The sample consisted of 11 non-oncologic osteoporotic subjects in therapy with non-intravenous antiresorptive agents, requiring tooth extractions and/or implant removal. After minimally invasive surgical extractions, each alveolar socket was debrided and bony edges were smoothened. At this point, aPDT was performed using methylene blue-based phenothiazine chloride dye irradiated with a hand-held 100 mW diode laser with a wavelength of 660 ¡À 10 nm. Flaps were sutured to achieve first intention closure. Soft tissue healing was promoted with weekly applications of low-level laser therapy for 6 weeks. Recall visits were scheduled weekly for the first two months and monthly thereafter up to 6 months. At the 6-month appointment, healing was assessed clinically and radiographically. Results: A total of 62 surgical extractions were performed in both jaws, including 51 natural elements and 11 dental implants. No intraoperative complications were observed. Immediate post-operative period was generally uneventful except for mild pain and ecchymosis that occurred rarely and resolved spontaneously. Healing proceeded uneventfully, with no clinical or radiological prodromal manifestations of MRONJ up to the latest follow-up visit. Conclusions: aPDT might constitute a promising preventive treatment to reduce the risk of MRONJ in non-oncologic osteoporotic patients treated with non-intravenous antiresorptive agents that underwent dentoalveolar surgery.

Balanced chemical reaction does not necessarily reveal either the individual elementary reactions by which a reaction occurs or its rate law.1910-85-6. In my other articles, you can also check out more blogs about 1910-85-6

Reference£º
Thiazine – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics,
Thiazine | C4H5NS – PubChem