A catalyst don’t appear in the overall stoichiometry of the reaction it catalyzes, Category: thiazines, but it must appear in at least one of the elementary reactions in the mechanism for the catalyzed reaction. 151-21-3, Name is Sodium dodecyl sulfate, molecular formula is C12H25NaO4S. In an article, author is Bosson-Vanga, Henriette,once mentioned of 151-21-3.
Differential activity of methylene blue against erythrocytic and hepatic stages of Plasmodium
Background: In the context of malaria elimination/eradication, drugs that are effective against the different developmental stages of the parasite are highly desirable. The oldest synthetic anti-malarial drug, the thiazine dye methylene blue (MB), is known for its activity against Plasmodium blood stages, including gametocytes. The aim of the present study was to investigate a possible effect of MB against malaria parasite liver stages. Methods: MB activity was investigated using both in vitro and in vivo models. In vitro assays consisted of testing MB activity on Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium cynomolgi and Plasmodium yoelii parasites in human, simian or murine primary hepatocytes, respectively. MB in vivo activity was evaluated using intravital imaging in BALB/c mice infected with a transgenic bioluminescent P. yoelii parasite line. The transmission-blocking activity of MB was also addressed using mosquitoes fed on MB-treated mice. Results: MB shows no activity on Plasmodium liver stages, including hypnozoites, in vitro in primary hepatocytes. In BALB/c mice, MB has moderate effect on P. yoelii hepatic development but is highly effective against blood stage growth. MB is active against gametocytes and abrogates parasite transmission from mice to mosquitoes. Conclusion: While confirming activity of MB against both sexual and asexual blood stages, the results indicate that MB has only little activity on the development of the hepatic stages of malaria parasites.
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Reference:
Thiazine – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics,
,Thiazine | C4H5NS – PubChem